Oleic Acid
OTHER NAME(S): 18:1 n-9, 9-Octadecenoic Acid, Cis-9-Octadecenoic Acid, (9Z)-Octadec-9-Enoic Acid, Octadec-9-Enoic Acid, Octadecenoic Acid, Oleic Acid, Ácido oleico, Acide oléique
Overview
Oleic acid is an omega-9 fatty acid. It can be made by the body. It is also found in foods. Highest levels are found in olive oil and other edible oils.
Consuming oils rich in oleic acid reduces the risk of heart disease. The FDA allows for this qualified health claim on certain products. Its benefits might be related to its effects on cholesterol levels and inflammation.
People commonly use oleic acid for heart disease and high cholesterol. It is also used for diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support most of these uses.
Don't confuse oleic acid with diets and oils containing oleic acid, such as the Mediterranean diet, olive oil, canola oil, or sunflower oil. These are not the same.
Uses
Possibly Effective for
- Heart disease. Consuming oils that provide about 20 grams (1.5 tablespoons) of oleic acid in place of dietary fats with higher amounts of saturated fat might reduce the risk of heart disease. But research is limited.
- High cholesterol. Consuming oils rich in oleic acid as part of the diet might help lower cholesterol. These oils include olive oil and some sunflower and canola oils.
Side Effects
When taken by mouth: Oleic acid is commonly consumed in foods. But there isn't enough reliable information to know if oleic acid is safe when used in larger amounts as medicine.
Precautions
When taken by mouth: Oleic acid is commonly consumed in foods. But there isn't enough reliable information to know if oleic acid is safe when used in larger amounts as medicine.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Oleic acid is commonly consumed in foods. But there isn't enough reliable information to know if oleic acid is safe when used in larger amounts as medicine while pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and stick to food amounts.
Interactions
We currently have no information for Oleic Acid overview.
Dosing
Oleic acid has most often been used by adults as high-oleic acid canola oil at a dose of 60 grams per 3000 kcal by mouth daily. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what type of product and dose might be best for a specific condition.
References
- Madigan C, Ryan M, Owens D, et al. Dietary unsaturated fatty acids in type 2 diabetes: higher levels of postprandial lipoprotein on a linoleic acid-rich sunflower oil diet compared with an oleic acid-rich olive oil diet. Diabetes Care 2000;23:1472-7.
- Gillingham, L. G., Gustafson, J. A., Han, S. Y., Jassal, D. S., and Jones, P. J. High-oleic rapeseed (canola) and flaxseed oils modulate serum lipids and inflammatory biomarkers in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Br J Nutr 2011;105(3):417-427.
- Jones PJ, Senanayake VK, Pu S, Jenkins DJ, Connelly PW, Lamarche B, Couture P, Charest A, Baril-Gravel L, West SG, Liu X, Fleming JA, McCrea CE, Kris-Etherton PM. DHA-enriched high-oleic acid canola oil improves lipid profile and lowers predicted cardiovascular disease risk in the canola oil multicenter randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100(1):88-97.
- Cater, N. B., Heller, H. J., and Denke, M. A. Comparison of the effects of medium-chain triacylglycerols, palm oil, and high oleic acid sunflower oil on plasma triacylglycerol fatty acids and lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in humans. Am.J Clin.Nutr. 1997;65(1):41-45.
- Harden CJ, Dible VA, Russell JM, Garaiova I, Plummer SF, Barker ME, Corfe BM. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weight but reduced energy intake in overweight and obese women. Nutr Res. 2014 Jan;34(1):17-24.
- Voon PT, Ng TK, Lee VK, Nesaretnam K. Diets high in palmitic acid (16:0), lauric and myristic acids (12:0 + 14:0), or oleic acid (18:1) do not alter postprandial or fasting plasma homocysteine and inflammatory markers in healthy Malaysian adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:1451-7.
- Mozaffarian D, Clarke R. Quantitative effects on cardiovascular risk factors and coronary heart disease risk of replacing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils with other fats and oils. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009;63(Suppl 2):S22-33.
- Cao Y, Hou L, Wang W. Dietary total fat and fatty acids intake, serum fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Cancer. 2016;138(8):1894-904. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29938.
- FDA completes review of qualified health claim petition for oleic acid and the risk of coronary heart disease. November 2018. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/Food/NewsEvents/ConstituentUpdates/ucm624758.htm. Accessed January 25, 2019.
- Liu X, Kris-Etherton PM, West SG, et al. Effects of canola and high-oleic-acid canola oils on abdominal fat mass in individuals with central obesity. Obesity. 2016;24(11):2261-2268.
- Jones PJ, MacKay DS, Senanayake VK, et al. High-oleic canola oil consumption enriches LDL particle cholesteryl oleate content and reduces LDL proteoglycan binding in humans. Atherosclerosis. 2015;238(2):231-8.
- Gillingham LG, Robinson KS, Jones PJ. Effect of high-oleic canola and flaxseed oils on energy expenditure and body composition in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Metabolism. 2012;61(11):1598-605.
- Bowen KJ, Kris-Etherton PM, West SG, et al. Diets enriched with conventional or high-oleic acid canola oils lower atherogenic lipids and lipoproteins compared to a diet with a western fatty acid profile in adults with central adiposity. J Nutr. 2019;149(3):471-478.
- Dumas JA, Bunn JY, Nickerson J, et al. Dietary saturated fat and monounsaturated fat have reversible effects on brain function and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in young women. Metabolism. 2016;65(10):1582-8.
- Barbour JA, Howe PR, Buckley JD, Bryan J, Coates AM. Effect of 12 weeks high oleic peanut consumption on cardio-metabolic risk factors and body composition. Nutrients. 2015;7(9):7381-98.
- Mennella I, Savarese M, Ferracane R, Sacchi R, Vitaglione P. Oleic acid content of a meal promotes oleoylethanolamide response and reduces subsequent energy intake in humans. Food Funct. 2015;6(1):204-10.
- Duarte Moreira Alves R, Boroni Moreira AP, Silva Macedo V, Brunoro Costa NM, Gonçalves Alfenas Rde C, Bressan J. High-oleic peanuts increase diet-induced thermogenesis in overweight and obese men. Nutr Hosp. 2014;29(5):1024-32.
- Kien CL, Bunn JY, Stevens R, et al. Dietary intake of palmitate and oleate has broad impact on systemic and tissue lipid profiles in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;99(3):436-45.
- Hlais S, El-Bistami D, El Rahi B, Mattar MA, Obeid OA. Combined fish oil and high oleic sunflower oil supplements neutralize their individual effects on the lipid profile of healthy men. Lipids. 2013;48(9):853-61.
- Gilmore LA, Walzem RL, Crouse SF, et al. Consumption of high-oleic acid ground beef increases HDL-cholesterol concentration but both high- and low-oleic acid ground beef decrease HDL particle diameter in normocholesterolemic men. J Nutr. 2011;141(6):1188-94.
- Jones PJ, Jew S, AbuMweis S. The effect of dietary oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids on fat oxidation and energy expenditure in healthy men. Metabolism. 2008;57(9):1198-203.
- Steffen BT, Duprez D, Szklo M, Guan W, Tsai MY. Circulating oleic acid levels are related to greater risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Clin Lipidol. 2018;12(6):1404-1412.
- Banim PJ, Luben R, Khaw KT, Hart AR. Dietary oleic acid is inversely associated with pancreatic cancer - Data from food diaries in a cohort study. Pancreatology. 2018;18(6):655-660.
- Morin SJ, Gaziano JM, Djoussé L. Relation between plasma phospholipid oleic acid and risk of heart failure. Eur J Nutr. 2018;57(8):2937-2942.
- Tsuchiya A, Nagaya H, Kanno T, Nishizaki T. Oleic acid stimulates glucose uptake into adipocytes by enhancing insulin receptor signaling. J Pharmacol Sci. 2014;126(4):337-43.
- Carrillo C, Cavia Mdel M, Alonso-Torre SR. Antitumor effect of oleic acid; mechanisms of action: a review. Nutr Hosp. 2012;27(6):1860-5.
- Carrillo C, Cavia Mdel M, Alonso-Torre S. Role of oleic acid in immune system; mechanism of action; a review. Nutr Hosp. 2012;27(4):978-90.
- Samieri C, Féart C, Proust-Lima C, et al. Olive oil consumption, plasma oleic acid, and stroke incidence: the Three-City Study. Neurology. 2011;77(5):418-25.
- Compher CW, Kinosian BP, Rubesin SE, Ratcliffe SJ, Metz DC. Energy absorption is reduced with oleic acid supplements in human short bowel syndrome. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009;33(1):102-8.
- Ben Fradj MK, Ouanes Y, Hadj-Taieb S, et al. Decreased oleic acid and marine n?-?3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Tunisian patients with urothelial bladder cancer. Nutr Cancer. 2018;70(7):1043-1050.
- Chen X, Li L, Liu X, et al. Oleic acid protects saturated fatty acid mediated lipotoxicity in hepatocytes and rat of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Life Sci. 2018;203:291-304.
- de Silva PS, Luben R, Shrestha SS, Khaw KT, Hart AR. Dietary arachidonic and oleic acid intake in ulcerative colitis etiology: a prospective cohort study using 7-day food diaries. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;26(1):11-8.
- Higashi K, Shige H, Ito T, et al. Effect of a low-fat diet enriched with oleic acid on postprandial lipemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lipids. 2001;36(1):1-6.
- Lin HC, van Citters GW, Heimer F, Bonorris G. Slowing of gastrointestinal transit by oleic acid: a preliminary report of a novel, nutrient-based treatment in humans. Dig Dis Sci. 2001;46(2):223-9.
- Moreira NB, da Silva LP, Rodacki ALF. Aquatic exercise improves functional capacity, perceptual aspects, and quality of life in older adults with musculoskeletal disorders and risk of falling: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2020;142:111135.
- Caldas APS, Alves RDM, Hermsdorff HHM, de Oliveira LL, Bressan J. Effects of high-oleic peanuts within a hypoenergetic diet on inflammatory and oxidative status of overweight men: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 2020 Mar 28;123(6):673-80.
- Costanzo A, Russell CG, Lewin S, Keast R. A fatty acid mouth rinse decreases self-reported hunger and increases self-reported fullness in healthy Australian adults: a randomized cross-over trial. Nutrients. 2020 Mar 2;12(3):678.
- Li D, Tong Y, Li Y. Associations between dietary oleic acid and linoleic acid and depressive symptoms in perimenopausal women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Nutrition. 2020 Mar;71:110602.
- Wang Q, Liu R, Chang M, Zhang H, Jin Q, Wang X. Dietary oleic acid supplementation and blood inflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(9):2508-25.
