Madagascar Periwinkle
OTHER NAME(S): Cape Periwinkle, Catharanthe, Catharanthus, Chang Chu Hua, Church-Flower, Magdalena, Myrtle, Old Maid, Periwinkle, Pervenche Rose, Ram-Goat Rose, Ratanjot, Red Periwinkle, Rose Amère, Vinca, Vincapervinca de Madagascar, Catharanthus roseus, Vinca rosea, Lochnera rosea, Ammocallis rosea, Vincapervinca De Madagascar, Pervenche de Madagascar
Overview
Madagascar periwinkle is a plant. The parts that grow above the ground and the root are used to make medicine.
Madagascar periwinkle is used for diabetes, cancer, sore throat, cough, insect bite, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. Using Madagascar periwinkle can also be unsafe.
Purified forms of some chemicals found in Madagascar periwinkle are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be given by injection for the treatment of cancer. These drugs have serious side effects and should be administered only under medical supervision. Madagascar periwinkle is considered unsafe for self-medication.
Madagascar periwinkle might alter the immune system and lower blood sugar and blood pressure.
Vinblastine and vincristine, some chemicals that can be taken out of Madagascar periwinkle, are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in chemotherapy. Other chemicals in Madagascar periwinkle might also have anticancer activity, but they have not been well studied.
Madagascar periwinkle might alter the immune system and lower blood sugar and blood pressure.
Vinblastine and vincristine, some chemicals that can be taken out of Madagascar periwinkle, are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in chemotherapy. Other chemicals in Madagascar periwinkle might also have anticancer activity, but they have not been well studied.
Uses
Insufficient Evidence for
- Bleeding.
- Diabetes.
- Cancer.
- Cough.
- Eye irritation.
- Fluid retention.
- Lung congestion.
- Skin infections.
- Sore throat (pharyngitis).
- Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of Madagascar periwinkle for these uses.
Side Effects
When taken by mouth: Madagascar periwinkle is LIKELY UNSAFE when taken by mouth due to the presence of poisonous chemicals known as vinca alkaloids. Madagascar periwinkle can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, hearing loss, dizziness, bleeding, nerve problems, seizures, liver damage, low blood sugar, and even death.
When applied to the skin: There isn't enough reliable information to know if Madagascar periwinkle is safe or what the side effects might be.
Precautions
When taken by mouth: Madagascar periwinkle is LIKELY UNSAFE when taken by mouth due to the presence of poisonous chemicals known as vinca alkaloids. Madagascar periwinkle can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, hearing loss, dizziness, bleeding, nerve problems, seizures, liver damage, low blood sugar, and even death.
When applied to the skin: There isn't enough reliable information to know if Madagascar periwinkle is safe or what the side effects might be.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: It's LIKELY UNSAFE to use Madagascar periwinkle if you are pregnant. It could cause a miscarriage or birth defects. It's also LIKELY UNSAFE to use Madagascar periwinkle if you are breast-feeding because of the poisonous chemicals it contains.
Diabetes: Madagascar periwinkle might lower blood sugar levels. There is some concern that it might lower blood sugar too much in people with diabetes who are using antidiabetes medications. Medication doses might need to be changed.
Surgery: Madagascar periwinkle seems to be able to lower blood sugar levels. Some doctors worry that Madagascar periwinkle might interfere with blood sugar control during and after surgery. Stop using Madagascar periwinkle at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery.
Interactions
Moderate Interaction
Be cautious with this combination
- Lithium interacts with Madagascar PeriwinkleMadagascar periwinkle might have an effect like a water pill or "diuretic." Taking Madagascar periwinkle might decrease how well the body gets rid of lithium. This could increase how much lithium is in the body and result in serious side effects. Talk with your healthcare provider before using this product if you are taking lithium. Your lithium dose might need to be changed.
- Medications for diabetes (Antidiabetes drugs) interacts with Madagascar PeriwinkleMadagascar periwinkle might decrease blood sugar. Diabetes medications are also used to lower blood sugar. Taking Madagascar periwinkle along with diabetes medications might cause your blood sugar to go too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely. The dose of your diabetes medication might need to be changed. Some medications used for diabetes include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase), and others.
Dosing
The appropriate dose of Madagascar periwinkle depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for Madagascar periwinkle. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
References
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
- Ellenhorn MJ, et al. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Tiong SH, Looi CY, Hazni H, et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Molecules. 2013 Aug 15;18(8):9770-84.
- Fernández-Pérez F, Almagro L, Pedreño MA, Gómez Ros LV. Synergistic and cytotoxic action of indole alkaloids produced from elicited cell cultures of Catharanthus roseus. Pharm Biol. 2013 Mar;51(3):304-10.
- Roepke J, Salim V, Wu M, et al. Vinca drug components accumulate exclusively in leaf exudates of Madagascar periwinkle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Aug 24;107(34):15287-92.
- Ghosh D, Roy I, Chanda S, Gupta-Bhattacharya S. Allergy to periwinkle pollen (Catharanthus roseus G. Don.). Ann Agric Environ Med. 2007;14(1):39-43.
- Wang XD, Li CY, Jiang MM, et al. Induction of apoptosis in human leukemia cells through an intrinsic pathway by cathachunine, a unique alkaloid isolated from Catharanthus roseus. Phytomedicine. 2016 Jun 1;23(6):641-53.
- Chung IM, Ahmad A, Ali M, et al. Flavonoid glucosides from the hairy roots of Catharanthus roseus. J Nat Prod. 2009 Apr;72(4):613-20.
- Oguntibeju OO, Aboua Y, Goboza M. Vindoline-A natural product from catharanthus roseus reduces hyperlipidemia and renal pathophysiology in experimental type 2 diabetes. Biomedicines. 2019 Aug 13;7(3):59.
- Goboza M, Meyer M, Aboua YG, Oguntibeju OO. In vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of different extracts of Catharanthus roseus and its indole alkaloid, vindoline. Molecules. 2020 Nov 26;25(23):5546.