Aegeline
OTHER NAME(S): N-[2-hydroxy-2 (4-methoxyphenyl) ethyl]-3-phenyl-2-propenamide, Aegeline, Aegelina, Aegéline
Overview
Aegeline is a chemical found in the bael plant. It is also made in a laboratory.
Despite safety concerns, aegeline has been used for weight loss, athletic performance, and increased energy, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
Aegeline has been included in dietary supplements marketed for weight loss and muscle building. In 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued warning letters to the manufacturer of these products stating that aegeline is not recognized as a lawful ingredient for supplements.
There is not enough information to know how aegeline might work.
There is not enough information to know how aegeline might work.
Uses
Insufficient Evidence for
- Weight loss.
- Athletic performance.
- Increased energy.
- Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate aegeline for these uses.
Side Effects
When taken by mouth: Aegeline is POSSIBLY UNSAFE. Liver damage has been reported in people taking a product containing aegeline. Symptoms included fatigue, nausea, stomach pain, dark urine, and jaundice. In some cases, liver damage resulted in death.
Precautions
When taken by mouth: Aegeline is POSSIBLY UNSAFE. Liver damage has been reported in people taking a product containing aegeline. Symptoms included fatigue, nausea, stomach pain, dark urine, and jaundice. In some cases, liver damage resulted in death.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn't enough reliable information to know if aegeline is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Interactions
Minor Interaction
Be watchful with this combination
- Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrates) interacts with AegelineSome medications are changed and broken down by the liver. Aegeline might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking aegeline along with some medications that are broken down by the liver can increase the effects and side effects of some medications. Before taking aegeline, talk to your healthcare provider if you are taking any medications that are changed by the liver. Some medications changed by the liver include lovastatin (Mevacor), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox), fexofenadine (Allegra), triazolam (Halcion), and many others.
Dosing
The appropriate dose of aegeline depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for aegeline. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
References
- Narender, T., Shweta, S., Tiwari, P., Papi, Reddy K., Khaliq, T., Prathipati, P., Puri, A., Srivastava, A. K., Chander, R., Agarwal, S. C., and Raj, K. Antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic agent from Aegle marmelos. Bioorg.Med Chem Lett. 2007;17(6):1808-11.
- Johnston DI, Chang A, Viray M, et al. Hepatotoxicity associated with the dietary supplement OxyELITE Pro - Hawaii, 2013. Drug Test Anal. 2016;8(3-4):319-27.
- Manda VK, Avula B, Chittiboyina AG, Khan IA, Walker LA, Khan SI. Inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 by Aegle marmelos and its constituents. Xenobiotica. 2016;46(2):117-25.
- LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. OxyELITE Pro. [Updated 2016 May 20]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548935/.
- Klontz KC, DeBeck HJ, LeBlanc P, et al. The Role of Adverse Event Reporting in the FDA Response to a Multistate Outbreak of Liver Disease Associated with a Dietary Supplement. Public Health Rep. 2015;130(5):526-532.
- Chatham-Stephens K, Taylor E, Chang A, et al. Hepatotoxicity associated with weight loss or sports dietary supplements, including OxyELITE Pro - United States, 2013. Drug Test Anal. 2017;9(1):68-74.
- Heidemann LA, Navarro VJ, Ahmad J, et al. Severe acute hepatocellular injury attributed to OxyELITE Pro: A case series. Dig Dis Sci. 2016;61(9):2741-8.
- Roytman MM, Pörzgen P, Lee CL, et al. Outbreak of severe hepatitis linked to weight-loss supplement OxyELITE Pro. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109(8):1296-8.
- Skinner CM, Miousse IR, Ewing LE, et al. Impact of obesity on the toxicity of a multi-ingredient dietary supplement, OxyELITE Pro (New Formula), using the novel NZO/HILtJ obese mouse model: Physiological and mechanistic assessments. Food Chem Toxicol. 2018;122:21-32.
- Manda VK, Haron MH, Mir TM, et al. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of aegeline after oral administration in mice. Planta Med. 2019;85(6):491-495.
- Singh A, Srinivasan AK, Chakrapani LN, Kalaiselvi P. LOX-1, the common therapeutic target in hypercholesterolemia: A new perspective of antiatherosclerotic action of aegeline. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019:8285730.
- Nugroho AE, Riyanto S, Sukari MA, Maeyama K. Effects of aegeline, a main alkaloid of Aegle Marmelos Correa leaves, on the histamine release from mast cells. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2011;24(3):359-67.