RNA And DNA
OTHER NAME(S): Acide Désoxyribonucléique, Acide Nucléique, Acides Nucléiques, ADN, ADN-ARN, ADN/ARN, ARN et ADN, DNA, Deoxynucleic Acid, Extrait Ribonucléique, Nuclei Acids, Nucleic, Nucleic Acid, Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, Nucléotides, Purines, Pyrimidines, Ribonucleic Extract, Ribonucleotides, RNA, RNA-DNA, RNA/DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid, Ribonucleic Acid, DNA/RNA, dna-rna, ARN y ADN, Arn et Adn
Overview
RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) are chemical compounds that are made by the body. They can also be made in a laboratory. RNA and DNA are sometimes used as medicine.
People take RNA and DNA for conditions such as athletic performance, stomach and intestine problems, immune system problems, aging, and many others, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) contain chemicals called nucleotides that are made by the body. Normally, they are not needed in the diet. However, they appear to be necessary at certain times, such as during surgery or injury, when there are challenges to the immune system, or when more healthy cells in the intestine are needed.
RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) contain chemicals called nucleotides that are made by the body. Normally, they are not needed in the diet. However, they appear to be necessary at certain times, such as during surgery or injury, when there are challenges to the immune system, or when more healthy cells in the intestine are needed.
Uses
Insufficient Evidence for
- Athletic performance. Early research shows that taking RNA and DNA compounds under the tongue can help athletes to exercise at a high intensity for longer. Taking RNA and DNA compounds by mouth along with things like protein compounds and B vitamins helps some athletes to recover faster after hard exercise.
- Burns. Early research suggests that taking RNA and DNA by mouth in the hospital doesn't help people to recover from burns any more than regular nutritional formulas.
- A long-term disorder of the large intestines that causes stomach pain (irritable bowel syndrome or IBS).
- Aging.
- Alzheimer's disease.
- Decreased sex drive.
- Depression.
- Eczema.
- Hives.
- Improving memory.
- Infection after surgery.
- Obesity.
- Psoriasis.
- Sagging skin.
- Shingles.
- Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of RNA and DNA for these uses.
Side Effects
When taken by mouth: RNA and DNA are LIKELY SAFE when consumed in the amounts found in food. Also, RNA is safe for most people when taken along with omega-3 fatty acids and L-arginine. There isn't enough reliable information to know if RNA/DNA combinations are safe or what the side effects might be.
When given as a shot: RNA is POSSIBLY SAFE when injected under the skin. Injections of RNA can cause itching, redness, and swelling at the injection site.
Precautions
When taken by mouth: RNA and DNA are LIKELY SAFE when consumed in the amounts found in food. Also, RNA is safe for most people when taken along with omega-3 fatty acids and L-arginine. There isn't enough reliable information to know if RNA/DNA combinations are safe or what the side effects might be.
When given as a shot: RNA is POSSIBLY SAFE when injected under the skin. Injections of RNA can cause itching, redness, and swelling at the injection site.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: It might be UNSAFE to take RNA and DNA as a supplement if you are pregnant. Some evidence suggests that DNA might cross the placenta and cause birth defects.
There isn't enough reliable information to know if RNA and DNA are safe to use when breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Children: Infant formulas that contain RNA or DNA compounds are LIKELY SAFE for children during the first 12 months of life.
Interactions
We currently have no information for RNA and DNA overview.
Dosing
The appropriate dose of RNA and DNA depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for RNA and DNA. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
References
- Daly JM, Lieberman MD, Goldfine J, et al. Enteral nutrition with supplemental arginine, RNA, and omega-3 fatty acids in patients after operation: immunologic, metabolic and clinical outcome. Surgery 1992;112:56-67.
- Senkal M, Kemen M, Homann HH, et al. Modulation of postoperative immune response by enteral nutrition with a diet enriched with arginine, RNA, and omega-3 fatty acids in patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer. Eur J Surg 1995;161:115-22.
- Kemen M, Senkal M, Homann HH, et al. Early postoperative enteral nutrition with arginine-omega-3 fatty acids and ribonucleic acid-supplemented diet vs placebo in cancer patients: an immunologic evaluation of impact. Crit Care Med 1995;23:652-9.
- Gianotti L, Braga M, Fortis C, et al. A prospective, randomized clinical trial on perioperative feeding with an arginine, omega-3-fatty acid, and RNA-enriched enteral diet: effect on host response and nutritional status. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1999;23:314-20.
- Saffle JR, Wiebke G, Jennings K, et al. Randomized trial of immune-enhancing enteral nutrition in burn patients. J Trauma 1997;42:793-802.
- Bower RH, Cerra FB, Bershadsky B, et al. Early enteral administration of a formula (Impact) supplemented with arginine, nucleotides, and fish oil in intensive care unit patients: results of a multicenter, prospective, randomized clinical trial. Crit Care Med 1995;23:436-49.
- Li L. Erythematous skin reaction to subcutaneous injection of ribonucleic acid. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41:239.
- Schubert R, Hohlweg U, Renz D, Doefler W. On the fate of orally ingested foreign DNA in mice: chromosomal association and placental transmission o the fetus. Mol Gen Genet 1998;259:569-76.
- Van Buren CT, Rudolph F. Dietary nucleotides: a conditional requirement. Nutrition 1997;13:470-2.
- Rudolph FB, Van Buren CT. The metabolic effects of enterally administered ribonucleic acids. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 1998;1:527-30.
- Tepaske R, Velthuis H, Oudemans-van Straaten HM, et al. Effect of preoperative oral immune-enhancing nutritional supplement on patients at high risk of infection after cardiac surgery: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2001;358:696-701.
- Dancey CP, Attree EA, Brown KF. Nucleotide supplementation: a randomised double-blind placebo controlled trial of IntestAidIB in people with Irritable Bowel Syndrome [ISRCTN67764449]. Nutr J. 2006;5:16.
- Ostojic SM, Idrizovic K, Stojanovic MD. Sublingual nucleotides prolong run time to exhaustion in young physically active men. Nutrients. 2013;5(11):4776-85.
- Sterczala AJ, DuPont WH, Comstock BA, et al. Physiological effects of nucleotide supplementation on resistance exercise stress in men and women. J Strength Cond Res. 2016;30(2):569-78.
- Mc Naughton L, Bentley D, Koeppel P. The effects of a nucleotide supplement on the immune and metabolic response to short term, high intensity exercise performance in trained male subjects. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2007;47(1):112-8.
- Ostojic SM, Obrenovic M. Sublingual nucleotides and immune response to exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012;9(1):31.
- Riera J, Pons V, Martinez-Puig D, et al. Dietary nucleotide improves markers of immune response to strenuous exercise under a cold environment. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2013;10(1):20.
- Schaller JP, Kuchan MJ, Thomas DL, et al. Effect of dietary ribonucleotides on infant immune status. Part 1: Humoral responses. Pediatr Res. 2004;56(6):883-90.
- Buck RH, Thomas DL, Winship TR, et al. Effect of dietary ribonucleotides on infant immune status. Part 2: Immune cell development. Pediatr Res. 2004;56(6):891-900.
- Hawkes JS, Gibson RA, Roberton D, Makrides M. Effect of dietary nucleotide supplementation on growth and immune function in term infants: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(2):254-64.