N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine (N,N-DMPEA)
OTHER NAME(S): AF 2975, AF-2975, AF2975, Dimethylphenethylamine, Dimethyl-phenethyl-amine, Eria Jarensis Extract, N,N,-dimethyl-2-phenylethylamine, N, N-dimethyl-b-phenethylamine, N,N-dimethylbenzenemethanamine, N,N-dimethyl-beta-phenylethylamine, N,N-Dimethylphenylethylamine, N, N-phenethyldimethylamine, N-Dimethylphenethylamine, N,N-Dimetilfenetilamina (N,N-DMPEA), N,N-DMPEA
Overview
N,N-dimethylphenethylamine (N,N-DMPEA) is a chemical. It is a form of phenethylamine.
Some people apply N,N-DMPEA to the eyes for dry eye or take N,N-DMPEA by mouth for weight loss and athletic performance. But there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
N,N-DMPEA is also used in small amounts for flavoring in foods.
N,N-DMPEA might affect certain chemicals in the brain. But there isn't enough reliable information available to know how N,N-DMPEA might work in humans.
N,N-DMPEA might affect certain chemicals in the brain. But there isn't enough reliable information available to know how N,N-DMPEA might work in humans.
Uses
Insufficient Evidence for
- Dry eye. Early research suggests that using N,N-DMPEA eye drops can improve the composition of tears in people with dry eyes.
- Athletic performance.
- Obesity.
- Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of N,N-DMPEA for these uses.
Side Effects
When taken by mouth: N,N-DMPEA is LIKELY SAFE when used in small amounts for food flavor. N,N-DMPEA is POSSIBLY UNSAFE when taken by mouth in medicinal amounts. Stroke has been reported by a woman who took a supplement that listed N,N-DMPEA and other ingredients on the label.
When applied into the eye: N,N-DMPEA is POSSIBLY SAFE when applied into the eye as eye drops for up to 21 days.
Precautions
When taken by mouth: N,N-DMPEA is LIKELY SAFE when used in small amounts for food flavor. N,N-DMPEA is POSSIBLY UNSAFE when taken by mouth in medicinal amounts. Stroke has been reported by a woman who took a supplement that listed N,N-DMPEA and other ingredients on the label.
When applied into the eye: N,N-DMPEA is POSSIBLY SAFE when applied into the eye as eye drops for up to 21 days.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There isn't enough reliable information to know if N,N-DMPEA is safe to use when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Interactions
Moderate Interaction
Be cautious with this combination
- Medications changed by the liver (Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) substrates) interacts with N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine (N,N-DMPEA)Some medications are changed and broken down by the liver. N,N-DMPEA might decrease how quickly the liver breaks down some medications. Taking N,N-DMPEA along with some medications that are changed by the liver might increase the effects and side effects of your medication. Before taking N,N-DMPEA, talk to your healthcare provider if you take any medications that are changed by the liver. Some medications that are changed by the liver include amitriptyline (Elavil), clozapine (Clozaril), codeine, desipramine (Norpramin), donepezil (Aricept), fentanyl (Duragesic), flecainide (Tambocor), fluoxetine (Prozac), meperidine (Demerol), methadone (Dolophine), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), olanzapine (Zyprexa), ondansetron (Zofran), tramadol (Ultram), trazodone (Desyrel), and others.
Dosing
The appropriate dose of N,N-DMPEA depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for N,N-DMPEA. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.
References
- Smith T. Phenethylamine and related compounds in plants. Phytochemistry. 1977;16(1):9-18.
- Paterson I, Juorio A, Boulton A. 2-Phenylethylamine: a modulator of catecholamine transmission in the mammalian central nervous system? J Neurochem. 1990;55(6):1827-37.
- Philips S, Rozdilsky B, Boulton A. Evidence for the presence of m-tyramine, p-tyramine, tryptamine, and phenylethylamine in the rat brain and several areas of the human brain. Biol Psychiatry. 1978;13(1):51-7.
- Figueiredo T, Viegas R, Lara L, et al. Bioactive amines and internal quality of commercial eggs. Poult Sci. 2013;92(5):1376-84.
- Granvogl M, Bugan S, Schieberle P. Formation of amines nad aldehydes from parent amino acids during thermal processing of cocoa and model systems: new insights into pathways of the strecker reaction. J Agric Food Chem. 2006;54(5):1730-9.
- Cohen PA, Zeijlon R, Nardin R, Keizers PH, Venhuis B. Hemorrhagic Stroke Probably Caused by Exercise Combined With a Sports Supplement Containing ß-Methylphenyl-ethylamine (BMPEA): A Case Report. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Jun 16;162(12):879-80. doi: 10.7326/L15-5101.
- Liu Y, Santillo MF. Cytochrome P450 2D6 and 3A4 enzyme inhibition by amine stimulants in dietary supplements. Drug Test Anal. 2016;8(3-4):307-10.
- Mossoba ME, Vohra SN, Wiesenfeld PL, Sprando RL. Nephrotoxicity of combining 2-phenethylamine and N, N-dimethyl-ß-phenethylamine. Appl In Vitro Toxicol 2016;2(1):49-55. https://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/aivt.2015.0023. Accessed June 16, 2020.
- Smith RL, Cohen SM, Doull J, et al. GRAS Flavoring substances 22. Flavor & Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). https://www.femaflavor.org/sites/default/files/22.%20GRAS%20Substances%20%284069-4253%29.pdf Accessed December 14, 2017.
- Schoenwald RD, Vidvauns S, Wurster DE, Barfknecht CF. Tear film stability of protein extracts from dry eye patients administered a sigma agonist. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 1997;13(2):151-61.
- Schoenwald RD, Vidvauns S, Wurster DE, Barfknecht CF. The role of tear proteins in tear film stability in the dry eye patient and in the rabbit. Adv Exp Med Biol 1998;438:391-400.
- Zeijlon R, Andersson B. Cerebral hemorrhage after ingestion of the performance enhancer "Jacked Power". Healthy woman fell ill during exercise after a single dose. Lakartidningen 2014;111(41):1782-4. [Article in Swedish]