Cumin
OTHER NAME(S): Anis Âcre, Comino, Cumin de Malte, Cummin, Green Cumin, Jeeraka, Svetajiraka, Zira, Cuminum cyminum, Cuminum odorum
Overview
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) is a plant native to the Mediterranean and southern Asia. The seeds are used in traditional medicine and also as a spice in food.
Cumin might have cholesterol-lowering and antibacterial effects, but it's not clear if these effects have an impact in the body.
People use cumin for abnormal levels of cholesterol or blood fats, obesity, diarrhea, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses.
Don't confuse cumin with black seed, which is sometimes called black cumin. These are not the same.
Uses
We currently have no information for Cumin overview.
Side Effects
When taken by mouth: Cumin is commonly consumed in foods. It is possibly safe to use cumin powder and cumin essential oil as medicine. Cumin might cause an upset stomach in some people. Also, some people can be allergic to cumin.
Precautions
When taken by mouth: Cumin is commonly consumed in foods. It is possibly safe to use cumin powder and cumin essential oil as medicine. Cumin might cause an upset stomach in some people. Also, some people can be allergic to cumin.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Cumin is commonly consumed in foods. There isn't enough reliable information to know if cumin is safe to use as a medicine when pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and stick to food amounts.
Bleeding disorders. Cumin might slow blood clotting, which might make bleeding disorders worse.
Surgery: Cumin might lower blood sugar levels and slow blood clotting. It might interfere with blood sugar control and make bleeding worse during and after surgery. Stop using cumin at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery.
Interactions
Moderate Interaction
Be cautious with this combination
- Medications for diabetes (Antidiabetes drugs) interacts with CuminCumin might lower blood sugar levels. Taking cumin along with diabetes medications might cause blood sugar to drop too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely.
- Medications that slow blood clotting (Anticoagulant / Antiplatelet drugs) interacts with CuminCumin might slow blood clotting. Taking cumin along with medications that also slow blood clotting might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
- Rifampin (Rifadin) interacts with CuminCumin might increase how much rifampin the body absorbs. Taking cumin along with rifampin might increase the effects and side effects of rifampin.
Dosing
Cumin seeds are commonly used as a spice in foods.
As medicine, cumin essential oil has most often been used by adults in doses of 25-75 mg by mouth daily for up to 6 months. Cumin powder has most often been used in doses of 1.5-3 grams by mouth daily for up to 6 months. Speak with a healthcare provider to find out what type of product and dose might be best for a specific condition.
References
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Kamble VA and Patil SD. Spice derived essential oils: effective antifungal and possible therapeutic agents. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants (J HERBS SPICES MEDICINAL PLANT) 2008;14(3-4):129-143.
- Anliker, M. D., Borelli, S., and Wuthrich, B. Occupational protein contact dermatitis from spices in a butcher: a new presentation of the mugwort-spice syndrome. Contact Dermatitis 2002;46(2):72-74.
- Singh, U. P., Singh, D. P., Maurya, S., Maheshwari, R., Singh, M., Dubey, R. S., and Singh, R. B. Investigation on the phenolics of some spices having pharmacotherapeuthic properties. J Herb.Pharmacother. 2004;4(4):27-42.
- Uma, Pradeep K., Geervani, P., and Eggum, B. O. Common Indian spices: nutrient composition, consumption and contribution to dietary value. Plant Foods Hum.Nutr 1993;44(2):137-148.
- O'Mahony, R., Al Khtheeri, H., Weerasekera, D., Fernando, N., Vaira, D., Holton, J., and Basset, C. Bactericidal and anti-adhesive properties of culinary and medicinal plants against Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol. 12-21-2005;11(47):7499-7507.
- Iacobellis, N. S., Lo, Cantore P., Capasso, F., and Senatore, F. Antibacterial activity of Cuminum cyminum L. and Carum carvi L. essential oils. J Agric.Food Chem 1-12-2005;53(1):57-61.
- Jalali-Heravi, M., Zekavat, B., and Sereshti, H. Use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with resolution methods to characterize the essential oil components of Iranian cumin and caraway. J Chromatogr.A 3-2-2007;1143(1-2):215-226.
- Park, I. K., Kim, J. N., Lee, Y. S., Lee, S. G., Ahn, Y. J., and Shin, S. C. Toxicity of plant essential oils and their components against Lycoriella ingenua (Diptera: Sciaridae). J Econ.Entomol. 2008;101(1):139-144.
- Nair, S., Nagar, R., and Gupta, R. Antioxidant phenolics and flavonoids in common Indian foods. J Assoc Physicians India 1998;46(8):708-710.
- Sekine, T., Sugano, M., Majid, A., and Fujii, Y. Antifungal effects of volatile compounds from black zira (Bunium persicum) and other spices and herbs. J Chem.Ecol. 2007;33(11):2123-2132.
- Singh, G., Kapoor, I. P., Pandey, S. K., Singh, U. K., and Singh, R. K. Studies on essential oils: part 10; antibacterial activity of volatile oils of some spices. Phytother.Res 2002;16(7):680-682.
- Srinivasan, K. Plant foods in the management of diabetes mellitus: spices as beneficial antidiabetic food adjuncts. Int.J Food Sci.Nutr. 2005;56(6):399-414.
- Dhandapani, S., Subramanian, V. R., Rajagopal, S., and Namasivayam, N. Hypolipidemic effect of Cuminum cyminum L. on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacol.Res 2002;46(3):251-255.
- Yan, J. H., Tang, K. W., Zhong, M., and Deng, N. H. [Determination of chemical components of volatile oil from Cuminum cyminum L. by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry]. Se.Pu. 2002;20(6):569-572.
- Takayanagi, T., Ishikawa, T., and Kitajima, J. Sesquiterpene lactone glucosides and alkyl glycosides from the fruit of cumin. Phytochemistry 2003;63(4):479-484.
- Esiyok, D., Otles, S., and Akcicek, E. Herbs as a food source in Turkey. Asian Pac.J Cancer Prev. 2004;5(3):334-339.
- Clarke, D. B., Barnes, K. A., and Lloyd, A. S. Determination of unusual soya and non-soya phytoestrogen sources in beer, fish products and other foods. Food Addit.Contam 2004;21(10):949-962.
- Ninfali, P., Mea, G., Giorgini, S., Rocchi, M., and Bacchiocca, M. Antioxidant capacity of vegetables, spices and dressings relevant to nutrition. Br.J.Nutr. 2005;93(2):257-266.
- Nostro, A., Cellini, L., Di Bartolomeo, S., Di Campli, E., Grande, R., Cannatelli, M. A., Marzio, L., and Alonzo, V. Antibacterial effect of plant extracts against Helicobacter pylori. Phytother.Res. 2005;19(3):198-202.
- Sachin, B. S., Sharma, S. C., Sethi, S., Tasduq, S. A., Tikoo, M. K., Tikoo, A. K., Satti, N. K., Gupta, B. D., Suri, K. A., Johri, R. K., and Qazi, G. N. Herbal modulation of drug bioavailability: enhancement of rifampicin levels in plasma by herbal products and a flavonoid glycoside derived from Cuminum cyminum. Phytother.Res. 2007;21(2):157-163.
- Derakhshan, S., Sattari, M., and Bigdeli, M. Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seed essential oil and alcoholic extract on the morphology, capsule expression and urease activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Int.J.Antimicrob.Agents 2008;32(5):432-436.
- Jagtap, A. G. and Patil, P. B. Antihyperglycemic activity and inhibition of advanced glycation end product formation by Cuminum cyminum in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Food Chem.Toxicol. 5-6-2010;
- Srivastava, K. C. Extracts from two frequently consumed spices--cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa)--inhibit platelet aggregation and alter eicosanoid biosynthesis in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot.Essent.Fatty Acids 1989;37(1):57-64.
- Khafagy, S. M., Sarg, T. M., Abdel Salam, N. A., and Gabr, O. Isolation of two flavone glycosides from the fruits of Cuminum cyminum L. grown in Egypt. Pharmazie 1978;33(5):296-297.
- Futrell, J. M. and Rietschel, R. L. Spice allergy evaluated by results of patch tests. Cutis 1993;52(5):288-290.
- Boxer, M., Roberts, M., and Grammer, L. Cumin anaphylaxis: a case report. J.Allergy Clin.Immunol. 1997;99(5):722-723.
- Taghizadeh M, Memarzadeh MR, Asemi Z, Esmaillzadeh A. Effect of the cumin cyminum L. intake on weight loss, metabolic profiles and biomarkers of oxidative stress in overweight subjects: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66(2-3):117-24.
- Zare R, Heshmati F, Fallahzadeh H, Nadjarzadeh A. Effect of cumin powder on body composition and lipid profile in overweight and obese women. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2014;20(4):297-301.
- Hadi A, Mohammadi H, Hadi Z, Roshanravan N, Kafeshani M. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is a safe approach for management of lipid parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res. 2018;32(11):2146-2154.
- Morovati A, Pourghassem Gargari B, Sarbakhsh P, Azari H, Lotfi-Dizaji L. The effect of cumin supplementation on metabolic profiles in patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized, triple blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2019;33(4):1182-1190.
- Morovati A, Pourghassem Gargari B, Sarbakhsh P. Effects of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) essential oil supplementation on metabolic syndrome components: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2019;33(12):3261-9.
- Karimian J, Farrokhzad A, Jalili C. The effect of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) supplementation on glycemic indices: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Phytother Res 2021;35(8):4127-4135.
- Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Faghfouri AH, Anbari M, et al. The effects of Cuminum cyminum on glycemic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Ethnopharmacol 2021;281:114510.
- Al-Suwaydani AI, Alam MA, Raish M, A Bin Jardan Y, Ahad A, Al-Jenoobi FI. Effect of C. cyminum and L. sativum on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antidiabetic Drug Gliclazide. Curr Drug Metab. 2022;23(10):842-849.
- Jafari S, Sattari R, Ghavamzadeh S. Evaluation the effect of 50 and 100 mg doses of Cuminum cyminum essential oil on glycemic indices, insulin resistance and serum inflammatory factors on patients with diabetes type II: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Tradit Complement Med. 2016;7(3):332-338.
- Jafari T, Mahmoodnia L, Tahmasebi P, et al. Effect of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oil supplementation on metabolic profile and serum leptin in pre-diabetic subjects: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Functional Foods. 2018;47:416-422.
- Keihan GS, Gharib MH, Momeni A, Hemati Z, Sedighin R. A Comparison Between the Effect of Cuminum Cyminum and Vitamin E on the Level of Leptin, Paraoxonase 1, HbA1c and Oxidized LDL in Diabetic Patients. Int J Mol Cell Med. 2016;5(4):229-235.
- Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Faghfouri AH, Anbari M, Nikpayam O, PourMirzaei Olyaei H, Alizadeh M. Efficacy of Cuminum Cyminum supplementation on lipid profile and anthropometric parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Phytother Res 2022;36(1):380-394.
